VARIASI MORFOLOGI DIATOM EPILITIK SEBAGAI INDIKATOR LINGKUNGAN PADA KISARAN SALINITAS BERBEDA DI PERAIRAN BANDA BAKALI DAN LUBUK MINTURUN
Wiya Elsa Fitri(1*)
(1) Stikes Syedza Saintika
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Abstract
The study on epilithic diatoms due to the range salinity at Banda Bakali estuary and the upper part had been done on January to May 2012. Five stations had been choosen as sampling area according to salinity range. The artificial substrats was used in each stations instead of natural substrat. Brushing methode were applied in this study. Identification of the epilithic diatoms had been made, based on related literatures. 27 species of epilithic diatoms were recorded, the location which has the riches species is Lubuk Minturun (20 specieses). Had been found 2 dominant species in whole location, they are Synedra ulna dan Fragillaria vaucheria,  but Gomphonema gracile, Navicula radiosa, dan Nitzschia vermicularis had been found in salinity 2-10 o/oo in Banda Bakali. Cocconeis placentula, Cymbella turgidula, Cymbella affinis, dan Gyrogsigma kuetzingii just had been foun in fresh water (salinity 0 o/oo) but Cymbella lanceolata, Coconeis sp, Dploneis sp, Ephitemia adnanta, Eunotia major just had been foundin fresh water (salinity 0 o/oo) in Lubuk Minturun. Morphological variation had been done on frustules size in Synedra ulna dan Fragillaria vaucheria species are shorter and wider with increasing salinity and temperature.
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Abstrak
Penelitian mengenai Variasi Morfologi Diatom Epilitik sebagai Indikatorlingkungan pada Kisaran Salinitas Berbeda di Perairan Banda Bakali dan Lubuk Minturun telah dilakukan pada bulan Januari hingga April 2012. Sampel dikoleksi dari 10 stasiun yang ditetapkan secara purposive dengan pertimbangan perbedaan salinitas. Substrat buatan diletakkan pada setiap stasiun sebagai pengganti substrat alami. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan menggunakan metoda â€Brushingâ€. Spesies yang ditemukan diidentifikasi dengan menggunakan buku identifikasi yang sesuai. Ditemukan 27 jenis diatom epilitik, jenis terbanyak (20 jenis ) ditemukan pada salinitas 0o/oo di Lubuk Minturun, ditemukan paling sedikit (2 jenis) pada salinitas 5-15 o/oo di Banda Bakali. Dua jenis diatom yang menempati salinitas 0-25 o/oo yang ditemukan pada seluruh lokasi, yaitu Synedra ulna dan Fragillaria vaucheria; sementara Gomphonema gracile, Navicula radiosa, dan Nitzschia vermicularis hanya ditemukan pada salinitas 2-10 o/oo di Banda Bakali. Jenis Diatom yang hanya ditemukan pada perairan tawar (salinitas 0 o/oo) Cocconeis placentula, Cymbella turgidula, Cymbella affinis, dan Gyrogsigma kuetzingii, sementara Cymbella lanceolata, Coconeis sp, Dploneis sp, Ephitemia adnanta, Eunotia major hanya ditemukan di perairan tawar Lubuk Minturun.Synedra ulna dan Fragillaria vaucheria terbukti mengalami variasi morfologi dengan frustule yang semakin memendek dan melebar seiring dengan peningkatan salinitas dan suhu serta penurunan O2.
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Keywords: Diatom, variasi morfologi,salinitas, indikator perairan.
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