PENGARUH FRAKSI VOLUME KOMPOSIT SERBUK CANGKANG KELAPA SAWIT/EPOKSI TERHADAP KEKERASAN DAN LAJU KEAUSAN



Mastariyanto Perdana(1*)

(1) Institut Teknologi Padang
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Natural composite is one of materials that have been utilized in the engineering field. Utilization of natural composite is due to nature of environmentally friendly and better on mechanical properties. The aim of this study was determine the effect of volume fraction of composite-based oil palm shell powder to hardness and wear rate. In this study, the main materials of composite are oil palm shells as a reinforcement and epoxy resin as binders. Oil palm shells are crushed into powder with size 420-595 μm. Variation of volume fraction between oil palm shell and epoxy are 45%:55%, 50%:50% and 55%:45%. The results showed that composite hardness was increasing with the addition of oil palm shell powder composition. Hardness of composites based oil palm shell powder/epoxy at volume fractions of 45%:55%, 50%:50% and 55%:45% are 10.69 VHN, 11.64 VHN, and 12.36 VHN, respectively. Wear rate of composites decreases with the addition of oil palm shell  composition. Wear rate of composite based oil palm shell powder/epoxy at a volume fraction of 45%:55%, 50%:50% and 55%:45% are 4.7 x 10-7 g/mm2.s, 2.5 x 10-7 g/mm2.s, and 1.9 x 10-7 g/mm2.s, respectively. Analysis of fracture surface of composite has been done using Scanning Electrone Microscope.

 

Komposit alam merupakan salah satu material yang telah dimanfaatkan pada bidang keteknikkan. Pemanfaatan komposit alam ini tidak terlepas dari sifat ramah terhadap lingkungan dan sifat mekanik yang relatif baik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari fraksi volume komposit berbahan dasar serbuk cangkang kelapa sawit terhadap kekerasan dan laju keausan. Pada penelitian ini, bahan utama dari material komposit adalah cangkang kelapa sawit sebagai pengikat (reinforcement) dan resin epoksi sebagai pengikat (binder). Cangkang kelapa sawit dihaluskan menjadi serbuk dengan ukuran 420-595 µm. Variasi fraksi volume antara cangkang kelapa sawit dan epoksi  adalah 45%:55%, 50%:50%, dan 55%:45%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kekerasan komposit semakin meningkat dengan penambahan komposisi serbuk cangkang kelapa sawit. Kekerasan dari komposit serbuk cangkang/epoksi pada fraksi volume 45%:55%, 50%:50% dan 55%:45% berturut-turut sebesar 10.69 VHN, 11.64 VHN, dan 12.36 VHN. Laju keausan dari komposit semakin menurun dengan penambahan komposisi serbuk cangkang kelapa sawit. Laju keausan dari komposit serbuk cangkang/epoksi pada fraksi volume 45%:55%, 50%:50% dan 55%:45% berturut-turut sebesar 4.7 x 10-7 g/mm2.dt, 2.5 x 10-7 g/mm2.dt, dan 1.9 x 10-7 g/mm2.dt. Pengamatan permukaan patahan dari komposit telah dilakukan menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).


Keywords


Composite powder, volume fraction, palm shell, hardness, wear rate

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