Terapi Okupasi Perkembangan Motorik Halus Anak Autisme



Evi Hasnita(1*), Tri Riska Hidayati(2)

(1) Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Fort De Kock
(2) Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Fort De Kock
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Anak autis diartikan sebagai gangguan perkembangan pervasif yang ditandai oleh adanya abnormalitas dan kelainan yang muncul sebelum anak berusia 3 tahun. Hampir semua anak autisme mempunyai keterlambatan dalam perkembangan motorik halus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas terapi okupasi terhadap perkembangan motorik halus anak dengan autisme di Sekolah Luar Biasa (SLB) Khusus Autis Al-Ikhlas Bukittinggi tahun 2014. Menggunakan rancangan penelitian eksperimen dengan menggunakan One Group Pretest Post Test Design, dengan cara total sampling dan jumlah sampel 13 orang. Hasil penelitian didapatkan sebelum intervensi yaitu mean 3,62 (diragukan) dan setelah intervensi menjadi mean 7,85 (sesuai tahap perkembangan) dimana p value = 0.00 (α<0.05). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terapi okupasi efektif terhadap perkembangan motorik halus anak dengan autisme dan kepada pihak petugas sekolah autis agar dapat secara rutin melaksanakan terapi okupasi sebagai salah satu intervensi keperawatan terhadap perkembangan motorik halus anak dengan autisme. Diharapkan dengan adanya penelitian ini, terapi yang telah diteliti dapat berguna dalam memberikan intervensi khususnya anak yang mengalami gangguan motorik halus agar bisa lebih mandiri.

Kata kunci: Terapi Okupasi, Motorik Halus, Anak Autisme

 

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of occupational therapy on the development of fine motor skills in children with autism in Al-Ikhlas Special Children’s School (SCS) for Autism Bukittinggi 2014.This research was conducted by observation in SCS for Autism Al-Ikhlas from November 2014 until December 2014. The design of this research was an experimental research using One Group Pretest Post Test Design. The sample was taken by using total sampling technique with the total sample of 13 people. The result of this research showed the average of stimulation in child’s development before the intervention, was 3.62 (doubtful) and after the intervention, the average of child’s development turned into 7.85 (appropriate stage of development) with the analysis of Ho was rejected in which p value = 0.00 (<0.05). It means the occupational therapy is effective toward the development of fine motor skills in children with autism in SCS for Autism Al-Ikhlas Bukittinggi 2014. Based on this research, it can be concluded that occupational therapy is effective toward the development of fine motor skills in children with autism. It is expected to the autism school personnel to be able to routinely carry out occupational therapy as an intervention treatment for fine motor skills development of children with autism.

Keywords: Occupational Therapy, Fine Motor Skills, Children with Autism

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