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Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Moral Distress pada Perawat Kesehatan Jiwa
Triyana Harlia Putri(1*)
(1) University of Tanjungpura
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Conflicts in patient care decision making often conflict with a nurse's personal values and lead to moral distress. Moral distress unwittingly can occur continuously and if not resolved, the condition can lead to burnout. This research is aimed toidentifythe factors that influence moral distress in mental health nurses.A cross-sectional study design was adopted. A total of 130 mental health nurses were recruited using universal sampling at Mental Health hospital X. The instrument used was Moral Distress Scale for Psychiatric. Data analysis was performed by univariate to see the frequency of each variable studied, namely respondent characteristics, while bivariate analysis used Spearman Rank. The results showed that most of the nurses 94 (72.3%) were in early adulthood and 86 (66.2%) were women, almost all 118 nurses (90.8%) with marital status, 92 (70.8%) with a Diploma in Nursing education, and 88 (67.7%) with years of service - 10 years and 79 (60.8%) expressed high level of moral distress, each dimensi of moral distress, 81 (62.3%) stated that it was Unethical action by caregiver, 68 (52.3%) Low Staffing, and 92 (71 %) stated that acquiescence of patients rights violations. There is nocorrelation between the demographic characteristic variables such as age, gender, education level, marital status,and duration of work with moral distress
Konflik dalam pengambilan keputusan perawatan klien sering bertentangan dengan nilai pribadi seorang perawat, hal tersebut dapat mengindikasikan ke moral distress. Moral distress tanpa disadari dapat terjadi secara terus menerus dan apabila tidak teratasi, kondisi itu dapat mengarah ke burnout. Adapaun tujuan dalam penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi moral distress pada perawat kesehatan jiwa. Desain penelitian ini deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 130 perawat kesehatan jiwa secara total sampling yang dilakukan di RSJ X . Penelitian ini menggunakan Moral Distress Scale for Psychiatric untuk mengukur tingkat moral distress. Analisis data dilakukan dengan univariat untuk melihat frekuensi dari setiap variabel yang diteliti yaitu karakteristik responden, sementara analisis bivariate digunakan teknik analisis bivariat korelasi Spearman Rank.  Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa sebagian besar dari perawat 94 (72,3%) berada pada usia dewasa awal dan 86 (66,2%) adalah perempuan, hampir seluruh perawat 118 (90,8%) dengan status menikah, 92 (70,8%) dengan tingkat pendidikan DIII Keperawatan, dan 88 (67,7%) dengan lama bekerja 1 tahun - 10 tahun. Sebanyak 79 (60,8%) mengungkapkan moral distress level tinggi, masing- masing dimensi moral distress, 81 (62,3%)  menyatakan hal yang tidak etis dilakukan caregiver, 68 (52,3%) menyatakankekurangan staf  dan 92 (71%) menyatakansecara diam-diam menyetujui pelanggaran hak klien. 31.1 perawarkesehatan lainnya .ress dapat menyebabkan burnout.Tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna semua variabel karakteristik seperti umur, jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan, status pernikahan, dan lama bekerja dengan moral distress
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