Analisis Kejadian Hipertensi Berdasarkan Golongan Darah



Murni Murni(1*), Fitra Mayenti(2)

(1) STIKes Al-Insyirah Pekanbaru
(2) STIKes Al-Insyirah Pekanbaru
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Background: One of the factor that increases the risk of hypertension is ABO blood type. Non-O blood groups have higher vWF levels than blood type O, which can increase the risk of arterial and venous thrombosis. Purpose: The aim of this research is to determine the relationship of blood groups to the incidence of hypertension. Methods: Research is quantitative analitic with cross sectional approach. The study population was elderly who visited Puskesmas Harapan Raya Pekanbaru. The sample was 104 respondents. Sampling technique with purposive sampling. Data analysis using Chi-Square test statistic. Results: Result of research got that blood type Non-O respondent suffer most hypertension amount to 46 people (67,0%). The results showed that there was a significant relationship between blood type with incidence of hypertension with p value < 0,05 (p = 0,005). Conclusion: Blood type O has the lowest vWf level compared to the Non-O blood group, resulting in low coagubility and no blood deposits in the blood vessel wall. Blood type O has a lower risk of hypertension than blood types Non-O (A, B, and AB).


Latar Belakang: Salah satu faktor yang meningkatkan risiko kejadian hipertensi adalah tipe golongan darah ABO. Golongan darah Non-O memiliki kadar vWF lebih tinggi dibandingkan golongan darah O sehingga dapat meningkatkan risiko terjadinya trombosis arteri dan vena. Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan golongan darah terhadap kejadian hipertensi. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian bersifat analitik kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah lansia yang berkunjung ke Puskesmas Harapan Raya Pekanbaru. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 104 responden. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil Penelitian: Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa responden bergolongan darah Non-O terbanyak menderita hipertensi berjumlah 46 orang (67,0%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara golongan darah dengan kejadian hipertensi dengan nilai p < 0,05 (p = 0,005). Kesimpulan: Golongan darah O memiliki kadar vWf paling rendah dibandingkan golongan darah Non-O, sehingga mengakibatkan koagubilitas rendah dan tidak terdapat endapan darah pada dinding pembuluh darah. Golongan darah O memiliki risiko rendah terhadap kejadian hipertensi dibandingkan golongan darah Non-O (A, B, dan AB).


Keywords


Blood type; hypertension

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