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PANGAN INDEKS GLIKEMIK TINGGI DAN GLUKOSA DARAH PASIEN DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE II
Ani Astuti(1*), Maulani Maulani(2)
(1) STIKES Harapan Ibu Jambi
(2) STIKES Harapan Ibu Jambi
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Kadar glukosa darah pada pasien Diabetes Mellitus (DM) dapat dikendalikan melalui pengelolaan pilar DM, salah satunya adalah pengaturan konsumsi makanan Indeks Glikemik tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kebiasaan konsumsi pangan indeks glikemik tinggi dengan kadar gula darah pasien DM Tipe II di Puskesmas Simpang IV Sipin Kota Jambi Jambi Tahun 2015. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada 16 Mei s/d 30 Juni 2016, dengan teknik pengambilan sampel accidental sampling dengan jumlah sampel 90 orang. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan cara wawancara dengan menggunakan kuesioner, data yang telah terkumpul dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat (chi-square test). Sebanyak 43 (67,2%) responden dengan kadar gula darah tinggi dan sebanyak 21 (32,8%) kadar gula darah normal. Sebagian besar responden memiliki kebiasaan konsumsi pangan Indeks Glikemik (IG) tinggi dengan kategori sering yaitu 42 (65,5%). Analisis chi-square menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan signifikan antara kebiasaan konsumsi pangan IG tinggi dengan kadar gula darah pasien DM tipe II (p=0,016). Diharapkan Puskesmas dapat meningkatkan kegiatan konseling dan penyuluhan kepada pasien atau keluarga pasien tentang pengendalian kadar glukosa darah melalui pengaturan konsumsi pangan IG tinggi.
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Blood glucose levels in patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) can be controlled through the management of DM pillars, one of which is sett a high Glycemic Index food consumption. This study aims to determine the relationship of food consumption habits of a high glycemic index blood sugar levels in patients with diabetes mellitus type II health center IV Sipin Simpang Jambi City Jambi year 2015. This study is a quantitative research with cross sectional design. The research was conducted on May 16 s / d June 30, 2016, with  accidental sampling technique and  sample size of 90 people. Data were collected by interview using a questionnaire, collected data was analyzed using univariate and bivariate (chi-square test). A total of 43 (67.2%)s of respondents with high blood sugared levels and 21 (32.8%) normal blood sugar levels. Most respondents had food consumption habits of the Glycemic Index (GI) is high with frequent category is 42 (65.5%). Chi-square analysis showed that there is a significant correlation between high GI food consumption habits of blood sugar levels of type II DM patients (p = 0.016). Expect health centers could increase counseling and education to the patient or the patient's family regarding the control of blood glucose levels through setting high GI food consumption.
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