Email this article 
1.png)
PERANAN INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL DAN ORIENTASI KEWIRAUSAHAAN PADA USAHA KECIL DAN MENENGAH
Fivi Anggraini(1*), Teguh Ilhamda(2), Nurhuda N(3)
(1) Jurusan Akuntansi Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Bung Hatta Padang
(2) Jurusan Akuntansi Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Bung Hatta Padang
(3) Jurusan Akuntansi Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Bung Hatta Padang
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Entrepreneurial oriented companies either small and medium enterprises (SMEs) scales are demanded not only be capable of producing goods and services, but also must be competitive in innovation, information systems, knowledge, organizational management, and human resources. To carry out these purposes, the companies must be able to manage their intellectual capita in well manner. This study aims to examine the effect of elements of intellectual capital consisting of human capital, structural capital and relational capital on the entrepreneurial oriented SMEs in Padang. Sampling method deployed the Slovin Formula with a total of 100 sampled SMEs with a margin of 10%. The results of this study empirically proved that there were significant effects of the elements of intellectual capital i.e. human capital, structural capital and relational capital toward entrepreneurial orientation.
Perusahaan berorientasi wirausaha, baik dalam skala usaha kecil dan menengah (UKM) tidak hanya harus menghasilkan barang dan jasa, tetapi juga kompetitif dalam inovasi, sistem informasi, pengetahuan, manajemen organisasi, dan sumber daya manusia. Untuk menjalankan tujuan tersebut, perusahaan tersebut harus mampu mengelola intellectual capital degan baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh unsur-unsur modal intelektual yang terdiri dari modal manusia, modal struktural dan modal relasional terhadap orientasi kewirausahaan pada UKM di Padang. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan Rumus Slovin dengan sampel sebanyak 100 UKM dengan margin 10%. Hasil penelitian ini secara empiris membuktikan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan dari unsur-unsur modal intelektual yang terdiri dari modal manusia, modal struktural dan modal relasional terhadap orientasi kewirausahaan.
Â
Keywords
Full Text:
PDF INDONESIA
References
Al-Jinini, D.K., Dahiyat. S.E, & N, B. (2019). Intellectual Capital, Entrepreneurial Orientation, And Technical Innovation In Small And Medium-Sized Enterprises. Knowledge Process. Management Decision, 55(3), 474–490.
Al Mamun. A, Kumar. N., Ibrahim M.D and Hakimin. M.N, (2017). Validing The Measurement of Entrepreneurial Orientation, Economic & Sociology 10(4), 44-53.
Amiri, A. N., Jandghi, G., Alvani, S. M., Hosnavi, R., and Ramezan, M. (2010). Increasing the Intellectual Capital in Organisation: Examining the Role of Organisational Learning. European Journal of Social Sciences, 14(1), 98–108.
Anggraini, F., Abdul-Hamid, M. A., & Azlina, M. K. A. (2018a). The Role of Intellectual Capital on Public Universities Performance in Indonesia. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 26(4), 2453–2472.
Anggraini, F., Abdul-Hamid, M. A., & Azlina, M.K.D. (2018b). Competitive Advantage as mediating Role of Intellectual Capital and University Performance: An empirical study in Indonesia. International Journal of Economics and Management, 12 (2), 351–363.
Azmi, N., Mohammad, B., Ansari, M., Ologbo, A. C., & Rezaei, G. (2013). Investigating The Effect of Intellectual Capital on Organizational Performance and Mediating Role of Entrepreneurial Orientation. International Reviewof Business Research Papers, 9(3), 99–113.
Buli, B. M. (2017). Entrepreneurial Orientation, Market Orientation And Performance Of Smes In The Manufacturing Industry: Evidence From Ethiopian Enterprises. Management Research Review, 4(3), 292–309.
Chen, C.-N., Tzeng, L.C., Ou, W.M., & Chang, K.T. (2007). The Relationship among Social Capital, Entrepreneurial Orientation, Organizational Resources and Entrepreneurial Performance for New Ventures. Contemporary Management Research, 3(3), 213–232.
Chien, S. Y. (2014). Franchisor Resources, Spousal Resources, Entrepreneurial Orientation, and Performance in A Couple-Owned Franchise Outlet. Management Decision, 52(5), 916–933.
Chirico, F., & Nordqvist, M. (2010). Dynamic Capabilities and Trans-Generational Value Creation in Family Firms: The Role of Organizational Culture. International Small Business Journal, 28(5), 487–504.
Coleman, J. (1988). Social Capital In The Creation of Human Capital. The American Journal of Sociology.
Covin, J. G., Green, K. M., & Slevin, D. P. (2006). Strategic Process Effects On The Entrepreneurial Orientation—Sales Growth Rate Relationships. Review of Managerial Science, 30(1), 57–81.
Dada, O., & Watson, A. (2017). Entrepreneurial Orientation And The Franchise System: Organizational Antecedents And Performance Outcomes. European Journal of Marketing, 47(5/6), 790–812.
Demartini, M.C & Beretta. V (2020). Intellectual Capital and SMEs Performance: A structured literature review. Journal of Business and Economics Review 58(2), 288-332
Dimov, D. (2017). Towards A Qualitative Understanding Of Human Capital In Entrepreneurship. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research, 23(2), 210–227.
Engelman, R. M., Fracasso, E. M., Schmidt, S., & Zen, A. C. (2017). Intellectual Capital, Absorptive Capacity And Product Innovation. Management Decision, 55(3), 474–490.
Florén, H., Rundquist, J., & Fischer, S. (2016). Entrepreneurial Orientation And Human Resource Management: Effects From HRM Practices. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness, 3(2), 164–180.
Giriati (2017). Moderating Business Environment Influence on Indivual Entrepreneurial Competence and Entrepreneurial Orientation Toward Business Performance. Journal of Business and Economics Review 2 (3) 26-32.
Grewal, D., Iyer, G. R., Javalgi, R. R. G., & Radulovich, L. (2011). Franchise Partnership and International Expansion: A Conceptual Framework and Research Propositions. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 35(3), 533–557.
Gruberâ€Muecke, T., & Hofer, K. M. (2015). Market Orientation, Entrepreneurialorientation and Performance in Emerging Markets. International Journal of Emerging Markets, 10(3), 560–571.
Han, Y., & & Li, D. (2015). Effects of Intellectual Capital on Innovative Performance: The Role of Knowledgeâ€Based Dynamic Capability Management Decision, 53(1), 40–56.
Hanu. L., & K, A. (2016). Model Intellectual Capital untuk Meningkatkan Orientasi Kewirausahaan Sektor Informal di Kota Medan. Jurnal Saintika, VII17(2), 24–32.
Hofstede, G. (2010). Dimensionalizing Cultures: The Hofstede Model in Context. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 2(1), 1–26.
I, M. R., & Tysari. (2014). Orientasi Kewirausahaan, Inovasi & Strategi Bisnis Untuk Meningkatkan Kinerja Usaha. Modernisas, 10(1), 23–37.
Ilham, J. D. (2018). Pengaruh Orientasi Kewirausahaan, Inovasi Dan Karakteristik Wirausahaan, Terhadap Kinerja Usaha. Skripsi Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar, 12(2), 20-28
Jones, G. R. (2013). Organizational Theory , Design , and Change (Pearson Ed). New Jersey.
Khalique, M., Isa, A. H. B. M., Shaari, N., Abdul, J., & Ageel, A. (2011). Challenges Faced By the Small And Medium Enterprises ( SMEs ) in Malaysia : An Intellectual Capital Perspective International Journal of Current Research, 3(6), 398–401.
Lantu, D. C., Triady, M. S., Utami, A. F., & Ghazali, A. (2016). Pengembangan Model Peningkatan Daya Saing UMKM di Indonesia : Validasi Kuantitatif Model. Jurnal Manajemen Teknologi, 15(1), 77–93.
Li.K, Wang.X., and Timon (2020). Entrereeurial Orientation Online Credibility ad online performance: Evidence from SMEs in a B2B electronic market in China. Journal of Small Business Management 1(2), 30-42.
Monteiro, A. P., Soares, A. M., & Rua, O. L. (2017). Linking Intangible Resources and Export Performance: The Role Of Entrepreneurial Orientation And Dynamic Capabilities. Journal of Management, 12(3), 329–347.
Nakku, B.V, Abola, F.W, Miles. M .P and Mahmood.A (2019). The Interrelationship between SME Government Support Programs, Entrepreneurial Orientation, and Performance: A developing Economy Persepective. Journal of Small Bsiness Management 58(1), 2-31.
Oly, N., James, N., & Agarwal, J. (2014). Quality performance of SMEs in a developing economy: direct and indirect effects of service innovation and entrepreneurial orientation.
Ramadan, B. M., Dahiyat, S. E., Bontis, N., & Alâ€dalahmeh, M. A. (2017). Intellectual Capital, Knowledge Management and Social Capital Within The ICT Sector in Jordan. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 18(2), 437–462.
Seleim, A. A. S., & Khalil, O. E. M. (2011). Understanding the knowledge management-intellectual capital relationship : a two-way analysis. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 12(4), 586–614.
Simsek, Z., & Heavey, C. (2011). The Mediating Role of Knowledgeâ€Based Capital for Corporate Entrepreneurship Effects On Performance: A Study Of Smallâ€to Mediumâ€Sized Firms. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 5(1), 81–100.
Sok, P., Snell, L., Lee, W. J., & & Sok, K. M. (2017). Linking Entrepreneurial Orientation And Small Service Firm Performance Through Marketing Resources And Marketing Capability: A Moderated Mediation Model. Journal of Service Theory and Practice, 17(1), 231–249.
Stevenson, L. (2010). Understanding entrepreneurship in Mena: Where to go next (Internatio). Washington, DC.
Thanos, I. C., Dimitratos, P., & Sapouna, P. (2017). The Implications Of Inte Rnational Entrepreneurial Orientation, Politicization, And Hostility Upon SME International Performance. International Small Business Journal, 35(4), 495–515.
Vishnu, S., & Gupta, V. K. (2014). Intellectual Capital and Performance of Pharmaceutical firms in India. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 15(1), 83–99.
Wardi, Y., & Susanto, P. (2017). Orientasi Kewirausahaan pada Kinerja Usaha Kecil dan Menengah (UKM) Sumatera Barat: Analisis Peran Moderasi dari Intensitas Persaingan, Turbulensi Pasar dan Teknologi. Jurnal Management Teknologi, 16(1), 46–61.Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2020 Fivi Anggraini, Teguh Ilhamda, Nurhuda N.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Benefita has been migrated to the new website. To make a new submission in Jurnal Benefita, you can easily go to new webstie link HERE and register.
Â
Published by LLDIKTI Wilayah X
Khatib Sulaiman Street Padang
West Sumatera, Indonesia
Phone: +62751705637
Fax: +62751705637
Email: jurnal.lldikti10@ristekdikti.go.id
E ISSNÂ 2477-7862Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â